Profile of a Cantabridgian: Caroline Orne

Recently, my reading has introduced me to Caroline Frances Orne (1818-1905), who was a well-regarded poet in her day, and the first librarian of the Cambridge Public Library. 

The Cambridge Public Library was known as the Dana Library when it first opened in 1858, after its first major benefactor, Edmund Dana. Cambridge residents could pay one dollar a year to be a member of the library, which was initially open one afternoon a week.1 During Orne's sixteen years of leadership, the library became quite popular, and by the time she resigned, it was open every day but Sunday.2

Public libraries were only just starting to become common when Orne took the job. The Boston Public Library had opened five years before.3 At the time, public libraries were expected to provide some guidance about appropriate reading for the general public. In some ways, they were arbiters of taste. Orne was well-regarded for her knowledge of literature and her judgment and taste in selecting books for the library. She was known for taking a personal interest in library patrons and helping them choose books.4

Caroline Frances Orne was friends with Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, James Russel Lowell and other women and men of letters.5 While I'm not a scholar of the poetry of the time, I think I hear a bit of Longfellow's influence in her writing, in the lyric, regular but melodic style.

Orne wrote throughout her life. In 1844,  she published a volume of poetry titled "Sweet Auburn and Mount Auburn, with other poems." Mount Auburn cemetery, founded in 1831, is lauded as being the first landscaped cemetery, breaking the tradition of crowded church burial grounds, but Orne was of the generation that had fond memories of that hill when it was just an open natural space, called Sweet Auburn. In the two long poems that begin the volume, Orne celebrates both the past and the present.

As the first landscaped cemetery, Mount Auburn represented a very controlled form of natural beauty. It was, and still is, a place that you visit for pleasure, as well as to visit the dead who rest there. In deliberate contrast, Orne's poem "Sweet Auburn" frequently relates nature and childhood innocence.
It begins,

Far-famed Mount Auburn! in the days of old,
As nature bade thy varied charms unfold,
Ere yet the hand of art had changed thy mien,
And in thy pristine beauty thou wert seen,
A lovelier object wert thou to my view,
Thy name was dearer that my childhood knew.
Sweet Auburn! send the spirit of thy shades
To Iight my song when memory's radiance fades.

The poem also contains some lyric words of Cantabridgian pride.

Lo, where the morning sun shed its first ray,

Boston's bright spires and domes before me lay;

Dorchester's heights, and Charlestown's battle mound,

And many a famous scene lay all around,

Far as the eye might reach, was freedom's hallowed

     ground.

Hamlet and town shone in the distance bright,

And Charles far-winding glowed a beam of light.

…

And, where my eye delighted oft would rove,

Stately old Harvard stood in academic grove.

Caroline Frances Orne may not be a household name in Cambridge today, but her work for the library left a lasting mark on the city, and her poetry (which is in the public domain and available online) is worth a read.

1. Doyle, Edward. A Commemorative History of the Cambridge Public Library. Cambridge: Cambridge Public Library, 1989. Page 3.
2. Doyle 6.
3. Doyle 3.

4. History of the Cambridge Public Library, Alfred Mudge and Sons, Cambridge, 1908. Page 13
5. History (1908), 13

Voice and Silence -- a photo essay

      Today, Cambridge Considered takes a brief detour from history into a portrait of Cambridge today. It was warm, about 35 degrees Fahrenheit, so I set out with my camera around mid-day with the idea to take a few pictures of famous graves at Mount Auburn Cemetery. I learned a few things along the way. First, wearing a camera around your neck in Harvard Square means that the Children's International fund-raisers will try very aggressively to get your attention. Sorry, I'm not a tourist and I've heard your pitch before. Second, Mount Auburn cemetery in the snow is far too pretty to focus just on famous people.

     On the way to the cemetery, I encountered a small demonstration on Brattle Street. The protesters were lead by a few enterprising folks with megaphones. Like at many protests I've seen, every time the leaders introduced a new chant, it took a few repeats before the rest of the crowd caught on and said it all correctly and clearly.

    Politics aside, the small crowd made me think of a few phrases we've all heard tossed around: "vocal minority" and "silent majority." Correctly or incorrectly, many people take the size of a demonstration to represent the size of the body of people who believe in a cause. Of course, there are all kinds of factors that influence who will stand in the street and wave a sign.

Until the mid-20th century, the phrase "silent majority" had no political meaning at all. It referred to the dead. Mount Auburn Cemetery, founded in 1831, is America's oldest landscaped cemetery, and it is a National Historic Landmark. Here's a sampling of scenes from the cemetery today.

 Even more photos can be seen at Cambridge Considered's photo album.